Speed and Direction Control of a DC motor

>> The pulse width modulation (PWM) mode in timers of ATmega 16 have the main purpose of controlling the speed of a dc motor.
>> This is a simple program where the PWM is used to gradually increase the speed of the dc motor until reach max speed.
>> Also the speed of the dc motor is decreased gradually until the motor stops.

Program Specification

1- The program use ATmega16 MUC.

2- L293D to supply the required current for the motor

3- 4 buttons are uesd to contol dc motor.
      >> sw1 : to speed up dc motor speed until max in clock wise direction.

      >> sw2 : to decrease dc motor speed until it stops in clock wise direction.

      >> sw3 : to speed up dc motor speed until max in counter clock wise direction.

      >> sw4 : to decrease dc motor speed until it stops in counter clock wise direction.

>>>>>>> This code can be used in controlling lift (elevator ) motor.

Code Sample

#include <mega16.h>
unsigned int d=4369,x,y;
char flag;   // flag =1 left direction , flag =0 right direction
// Timer 1 overflow interrupt service routine
interrupt [9] void timer1_ovf_isr(void)
{
// Place your code here
if (flag ==1)
    {
    if (x==0)
        {                     
        TIMSK &=0b11111011;     // disable interrupt
        }
    else
        {
        OCR1A=OCR1A-d;
        x=OCR1A;
        }
       
    }
if(flag==0)
    {
    if (y==0)
        {                     
        TIMSK &=0b11111011;     // disable interrupt
        }
    else
        {
        OCR1B=OCR1B-d;
        y=OCR1B;
        }
    }   
   
}

void main(void)
{

// Timer/Counter 1 initialization
// Clock source: System Clock
// Clock value: Timer 1 Stopped
// Mode: Ph. & fr. cor. PWM top=ICR1
// OC1A output: Non-Inv.
// OC1B output: Discon.
// Noise Canceler: Off
// Input Capture on Falling Edge
// Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt: On
// Input Capture Interrupt: Off
// Compare A Match Interrupt: Off
// Compare B Match Interrupt: Off
TCCR1A=0x00;
TCCR1B=0x10;
TCNT1H=0x00;
TCNT1L=0x00;
ICR1H=0xFF;
ICR1L=0xFF;
OCR1AH=0x00;
OCR1AL=0x00;
OCR1BH=0x00;
OCR1BL=0x00;

// Global enable interrupts
#asm("sei")

while (1)
      {
      // Place your code here
      if (PINA.0==1)
         {
          OCR1A=0xffff;
          x=OCR1A;
          TCCR1A |= 0b11000000 ; // inv mode for OC1A
          TCCR1B |= 0b00000010 ; // start timer one with 1 mhz
          flag =1;      
          TIMSK |=0b00000100;
          while (PINA.1==0)
          {}
          OCR1A=0xffff;
          x=OCR1A;
          TCCR1A &= 0b10111111 ; // non inv mode for OC1A  
          TIMSK |=0b00000100;
         
         }
      if (PINA.2==1)
         {
         OCR1B=0xffff;
         y=OCR1B;
         TCCR1A |= 0b00110000 ; // inv mode for OC1B
         TCCR1B |= 0b00000010 ; // start timer one with 1 mhz
         flag =0;
         TIMSK |= 0b00000100;    // enable interrupt
         while (PINA.3==0)
         {}
         OCR1B=0xffff;
         y=OCR1B;
         TCCR1A &= 0b11100000 ; // non inv mode for OC1B
         TIMSK |= 0b00000100;    // enable interrupt
         
         }
      };
}

Proteus Simulation

>>>> Here is a link including the project file using codevision avr compiler and proteus simulation

Download Here

Download this tutorial in PDF Here

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